Empiric (in combination) or targeted therapy for suspected or confirmed gram negative infections.
Empiric therapy for pyelonephritis. Used synergistically in enterococcal endocarditis.
Laboratory Monitor creatinine at least 2 times/week. Discontinue if any signs of nephro or ototoxicity.
Extended Interval Dosing: Target trough <1mcg/mL
Traditional Dosing: Peak monitoring poorly supported by literature, but target peak 8-10mcg/mL; trough < 1 mcg/mL only if using >4 days
Note: Trough level is 0-60min before a dose (usually pre-4th), and peak is 30-60min after dose infused (usually post-3rd).
In critically ill patients, check peak level after the 1st dose as volume of distribution and renal function may change rapidly.
Clinical Baseline and periodic hearing and vestibular function (questioning audiologic testing with prolonged therapy)
Seek consult if planned to use during pregnancy - avoid use.
Amphotericin, vancomycin, cyclosporin, NSAIDs, contrast- increased nephrotoxicity
Loop diuretics (e.g. furosemide)- increased ototoxicity
Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants may be potentiated
Formal audiology assessment if planning to use aminoglycoside for >7d or if symptoms develop
Inform patient of risk of ototoxicity to report any symptoms
Antimicrobial class: Aminoglycoside
Average serum half life: 2 hours
Biliary penetration: Moderate
CSF penetration: Poor
Lung penetration: Therapeutic
Urine penetration: Therapeutic